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An Interjection or Exclamation is a word used to express an emotion or sentiment on the part of the speaker (although most interjections have clear definitions). Filled pauses such as uh, er, um are also considered interjections. Interjections are typically placed at the beginning of a sentence. An interjection is sometimes expressed as a single word or non-sentence phrase, followed by a punctuation mark.   Interjections to express greeting. Examples : Hello! Interjections to express joy. Examples : Hurray! Interjections…

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There are two ways in language of conveying what someone else has said: Direct / Quoted speech and Indirect / Reported speech. Direct / Quoted speech involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within quotation marks. For example she said, ‘I won’t be coming home tonight.’ is an example of direct speech. Indirect / Reported speech, on the other hand, does not have to be within quotes or word-for-word. In fact, unless one is relaying the exact words…

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A paragraph is the smallest unit of prose composition. A paragraph may be defined as a group of sentences relating to a single topic. There are several different types of paragraphs. Descriptive Paragraph In a descriptive paragraph you describe a scene or a thing or a person. The aim is to give a vivid picture of the object. Only the significant details should be given in a descriptive paragraph. Narrative Paragraph In a narrative paragraph you narrate an incident. The…

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    Subjects, verbs and objects are the basic units of any sentence; to be able to identify them and use them correctly is the one of the first steps to writing and speaking good English. A sentence, of course, is the conventional unit of connected speech and writing: it is a grouping of words that together make sense as a statement, question, command or exclamation.   Sentences Begin with a capitalized letter, Conclude with a full stop, a question…

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Introduction The subjunctive is a verb form in English that is relatively rare, but is structurally very simple. It is a special kind of present tense; for all verbs except the past tense of ‘be’ (‘were’), the subjunctive is the same as the infinitive without ‘to’. Therefore, the subjunctive is simply the basic verb form (for e.g., do, work, demand, hire), with the difference that no ‘s’ is added to the verb when it is used with the third person…

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When the very first text message was sent in 1992, no one realized the influence it would have in the worlds of business, education, security, crime and our social lives.  But within a decade of its inception, the world grasped hold of it and ran with it like an Olympian. Text messages were only intended to be 160 characters or less and are sometimes called SMS (or Short Message Service).  When text messaging became popular, the vast majority of cell…

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Punctuation is a very important aspect of writing; good writing presupposes correct punctuation. Incorrect punctuation is the sign of weak writing, or carelessness. But this sort of thing is eminently avoidable, because punctuation is quite simple to master. Here are some basic rules to keep in mind: Every sentence must end with a full stop. Proper nouns (names of people, places, brands, etc, i.e. unique instances of a class) must always be capitalised. When you use opening quotation marks, do…

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Introduction Public speaking is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain the listeners. It is closely allied to “presenting”, although the latter has more of a commercial advertisement connotation. In public speaking, as in any form of communication, there are five basic elements, often expressed as “who is saying what to whom using whatmedium with what effects?” The purpose of public speaking can range from simply transmitting information, to motivating people to act, to simply telling a…

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Introduction                Speakers of American English generally use the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle) far less than speakers of British English. In spoken American English it is very common to use the simple past tense as an alternative in situations where the present perfect would usually have been used in British English. The two situations where this is especially likely are: (i) In sentences which talk about an action in the past…

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Online English Guru your personal Web English Teacher comes to you with a festive offer.  Enroll today for our 30 days spoken English program for 3500/- only. We believe in getting the classroom to the chat room. Now no hassle of traveling long. Students will not have to attend classes in a classroom as the classes are conducted online. Because there are no geographic barriers to online English learning, students can find different knowledge that may not be available to…

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